02/22/2025
In 2020, the turtle known as the matamata (Chelus fimbriata), also written mata mata or mata-mata, was split into two species. The turtles in the Amazon river basin remain under the scientific name C. fimbriata, while the population in the Orinoco river basin are now classified as C. orinocensis. Scientific research utilizing genomic analysis found a deep split between those populations. Coupled with previously observed distinctive morphological differences between the populations, this made the taxonomic change a logical decision.
Matamata turtles are fully aquatic and can grow to around 46 lbs at maturity, with a carapace that can resemble submerged tree bark, or a log, and a large flat head which can resemble submerged leaves. Its head and long neck feature numerous tubercles and flaps of skin which help break up its outline and allow the turtle to camouflage itself at the bottom of slow-moving streams, pools, marshes, and swamps. It also has a long, tubular snout, which allows the turtle to stand in shallow water and reach the surface to breathe without having to fully expose its head. The turtles are ambush predators, feeding mostly on small fish, and some aquatic invertebrates.
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The photograph used in this post shows the face of an Amazonian matamata (Chelus fimbriata) underwater at an aquarium. The photo was taken by Miguel González Novo, and was shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0) license. The image was not altered for use in this post.
View license information here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/